Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang City
敦煌莫高窟
Mogao Grottoes is situated 25km southeast of Dunhuang city, Gansu province,in Daquan river valley at the foot of Echoing-sand Mountain facing Sanwei Mountain. On the cliff face over 1 600m long from south to north 492 caves survived the time,various in size and clustered higher or lower all over the cliff. In the caves are vivid statues,elegant apsaras, amazing murals ,and exquisitely arranged lotus bricks, creating a holy world of Buddhism.
莫高窟位于甘肃省敦煌市东南25公里处，在鸣沙山脚下的大泉河谷钟，面朝三危山。在悬崖上从南到北1 600多米，492洞穴长幸存下来,规模不同，或高或低的聚集在悬崖上。洞穴中是栩栩如生的雕像,优雅的飞天,神奇的壁画,和精巧安排的莲花砖,创建了一个神圣的佛教的世界。
在366年雕刻了第一个莫高窟,雕刻在随后的朝代中北梁北,西,北,隋、唐、五代、宋、夏西,元仍继续着。现在仍有45000多平方米的壁画和超过2 400尊的雕像，最高的雕像超过30米,最大的壁画有约50平方米。这些雕像和壁画成了中国从4世纪到14世纪一千年的一面镜子,反映了社会、生产、生活、交通、建筑、建筑、艺术、音乐、舞蹈、习俗和宗教信仰的人。石窟极其丰富的艺术内容，集聚建筑,雕塑和壁画艺术,不仅反映了敦煌地区接受佛教,也反映了这片区域的历史、社会和经济,并提供了一个佛教在中国本地化的生动的插图和中国人民的对外国文化的吸收和改造的能力。
The first Mogao grottoes were carved in 366,and the carving went on through the following dynasties of North Liang, North Wei, West Wei, North Zhou,Sui,Tang,Five Dynasties,Song,West Xia,and Yuan. There remain by now over 45 000m2 murals and more than 2 400 statues,the tallest statue exceeding 30m and the largest mural covering about 50m2. These statues and murals constitute a mirror of China in the thousand years from the 4th to the 14th century,reflecting the society, production, life, transportation, architecture, art, music, dance, customs, and religion of the people.
The artistic content of the grottoes is exceedingly rich as an integrated art of architecture,sculpture and fresco,reflecting not only the acceptance of Buddhism in Dunhuang area,but also the history and society as well as economy of the area, and providing a vivid illustration of the localization of Buddhism in China and the capacity of Chinese people in their absorbing and remodeling of foreign cultures.
这些宗教艺术的创作,规模宏大,数量惊人,为研究中国古代社会生活,民族关系,和跨文化交流提供了有价值的数据。
These artistic creations of religion,grand in scale and stunning in number, provide the valuable data for the study of the social life,ethnic relation, and cross-culture exchange in ancient China.
1961年,莫高窟被国务院公布为第一批全国重点文物保护单位,在1987年被联合国教科文组织以世界文化遗产收录在世界遗产名录中。
In 1961 ,Mogao Grottoes was recognized by State Council as a key historical site under state protection,and in 1987,UNESCO inscribed it on World Heritage List as a cultural heritage of the world.
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